Solidago sempervirens L. (Asteraceae) (Benjamin 1934); rhizome crown galls (reared). (p. 236)

Evidently, the gall consists of an aborted and transformed growing shoot. At maturity the cylindrical gall is about 2.0 x 0.5 cm (Fig. 43). External traces of leaves appear on the gall in the form or imbricated scales that are 1-3 cm long. (p. 214, as E. reticulata)

The larvae feed in root galls on goldenrod (Solidago sempervirens). From 1 to 4 galls were found on a single host plant. Those having galls were growing in soil subject to standing brackish water during spring and summer. These galls, which may attain a length of over 45 mm and a diameter greater than 25 mm, are normally just below the surface of the ground. Usually each gall contains only a single larvae or puparium, but very occasionally the galls are compound, containing two larvae or puparia separated by a thin partition. (p. 29, as E. reticulata)